TOOLS IN CORELDRAW & THEIR USES

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TOOLS IN CORELDRAW & THEIR USES

   1. PICK TOOL
       IT SERVES TO SELECT OR SELECT OBJECTS.  

2. SHAPE TOOL (F10)
      THIS TOOL SERVES TO EDIT A LINE OR OBJECT TO THE MANIPULATION POINT. SHAPE TOOL THERE ARE 3 TYPES:
          * SMUDGE BRUSH: FUNCTION TO CHANGE THE IMAGE OBJECT TO DRAW THE OUTLINE.
          * ROUGHEN BRUSH: SERVES TO DISTORT THE IMAGE OBJECT TO DRAW THE OUTLINE.
          * FREE TRANSFORM: FUNCTION TO CONVERT FREE AS: USING THE ROTATION, CHANGE SIZE, ANGLE THE OBJECT, ETC..   

3. CROP TOOL
      THIS TOOL SERVES TO REMOVE THE UNWANTED PART ON THE OBJECT.
      CROP TOOL THERE ARE 3 TYPES:
          * KNIFE: SERVES TO CUT THE OBJECT IN HALF
          * ERASER: FUNCTION TO REMOVE UNWANTED AREAS IN OBJECTS.
          * VIRTUAL SEGMENT DELETE: FUNCTION TO REMOVE AN OBJECT THAT IS PART OF THE INTERSECTION.   

4. ZOOM TOOL
      THIS TOOL SERVES TO ALTER THE DOCUMENT WINDOW COREL WE ARE OPEN.
      UNDER THE ZOOM TOOL IS NO SUCH THING LAYI PAN TOOL THAT SERVES TO SHIFT THE OBJECT VIEW WITHOUT ALTERING THE ZOOM LEVEL.   

5. FREEHAND TOOL (F5)
      THIS TOOL SERVES TO DRAW A CURVE (A CURVE) AND A STRAIGHT LINE SEGMENT.FREEHAND TOOL IS DIVIDED INTO 7 ARE:
          * 2-POINT LINE TOOL: THIS TOOL SERVES TO DRAW A STRAIGHT LINE FROM ONE POINT TO ONE POINT TO ANOTHER.
          * BEZIER TOOL: THIS TOOL SERVES TO DRAW A CURVED LINE SEGMENT AT A TIME.
          * ARTISTIC MEDIA TOOL: THIS TOOL SERVES TO ADD EFFECTS BRUSH, SPRAY AND PEN CALLIGRAPHY USING A CURSOR FREELY.
          * PEN TOOL: THIS TOOL SERVES TO DRAW A CURVED LINE IN SEGMENTS AND EACH SEGMENT TO SEE WE HAVE MADE.
          * B-SPLINE TOOL: THIS TOOL SERVES TO DRAW CURVED LINES BY SETTING CONTROL POINT (POINT) WITHOUT DAMAGING THE SEGMENT.
          * POLYLINE TOOL: THIS TOOL SERVES TO DRAW A STRAIGHT LINE CONNECTION OR A CONTINUOUSLY CURVED LINE IN A SINGLE ACTION.
          * 3-POINT CURVES TOOL: THIS TOOL SERVES TO DRAW CURVED LINES BY DRAGGING FROM THE START POINT, END POINT AND POSITIONED AT THE MIDPOINT.   

6. SMART FILL TOOL
      THIS TOOL SERVES TO MAKE OBJECTS FROM OVERLAPPING AREAS MENGISIKANNYA ANAESTHETIZED WITH COLOR OR TEXTURE. BELOW THIS THERE IS ONE MORE TOOL THAT IS SMART DRAWING TOOL.
          * SMART DRAWING TOOL: THIS TOOL SERVES TO TO CHANGE / CONVERT YOUR SCRIBBLES POINTER IMAGE INTO THE FORM OF OBJECTS OR LINES FORM A SMOOTH CURVE.

   7. RECTANGLE TOOL
      THIS TOOL SERVES TO DRAW RECTANGLES OR SQUARES SIMPLY BY DRAG AND CLICK YOUR MOUSE. BELOW THIS THERE IS ONE MORE TOOL THAT 3-POINT RECTANGLE TOOL.
          * 3-POINT RECTANGLE TOOL: THIS TOOL SERVES TO FORM A RECTANGULAR BOX WITH ARRANGING AND PERTITIK.   
8. ELLIPSE TOOL
      THIS TOOL SERVES TO DRAW AN ELLIPSE AND A CIRCLE JUST BY DRAG AND CLICK YOUR MOUSE. BELOW THIS THERE IS ONE MORE THAT 3-POINT ELLIPSE TOOL.
          * 3-POINT ELLIPSE TOOL: THIS TOOL SERVES TO DRAW AN ELLIPSE AND A CIRCLE WITH ARRANGING PERTITIK.   

9. POLYGON TOOL
      THIS TOOL SERVES TO DRAW A SQUARE SHAPE A LOT, JUST BY DRAG AND CLICK THE MOUSE. TOOL HAVE 4 MORE, NAMELY:
          * STAR TOOL: THIS TOOL SERVES TO DRAW THE VARIOUS SHAPES OF STARS.
          * COMPLEX STAR TOOL: THIS TOOL SERVES TO DRAW A STAR SHAPE WITH A LOT OF SIDE PIECES.
          * GRAPH PAPER TOOL: THIS TOOL SERVES TO DRAW SHAPES SUCH AS SQUARES ARRANGEMENT NETS.
          * SPIRAL TOOL: THIS TOOL SERVES TO DRAW CIRCLES OR LOGARITHMIC SPIRALS SYMMETRICALLY

      
  10. BASIC SHAPES TOOL
      THIS TOOL SERVES TO ACCELERATE THE PROCESS OF DRAWING A TRIANGLE, CIRCLE, CYLINDER, HEART, AND MANY OTHER FORMS. THERE ARE 4 KINDS OF TOOLS ANYMORE, NAMELY:
          * ARROW SHAPES TOOL: THIS TOOL SERVES TO DRAW SHAPES IN A VARIETY OF ARROWS
          * FLOWCHART SHAPES TOOL: THIS TOOL SERVES TO FACILITATE DRAWING A CHART (CHART)
          * BANNER SHAPES TOOL: THIS TOOL SERVES TO DRAW A RIBBON SHAPE OR FORM BLAST
          * CALLOUT SHAPES TOOL: THIS TOOL SERVES TO DRAW THE SPEECH BUBBLE SHAPE (ILLUSTRATED TALK) AND LABEL
 
 11. TEXT TOOL
      THIS TOOL IS USED TO MAKE PAPER IN THE DRAWING AREA EITHER ARTISTIC OR DESCRIPTION.
 
 12. TABLE TOOL
      THIS TOOL SERVES TO CREATE A TABLE, SELECT AND EDIT TABLE.

      
  13. PARALLEL DIMENSION TOOL
      THIS TOOL SERVES TO DRAW SLASH INTO THE FIELD DIMENSIONS. THIS TOOL AGAIN THAT THERE ARE 4 SECTIONS:
          * HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL DIMENSION TOOL: THIS TOOL SERVES TO FACILITATE DRAWING LINES BECOME HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL DIMENSIONS.
          * ANGULAR DIMENSION TOOL: THIS TOOL MAKES BERFUNGSIUNTUK DIMENSIONAL DRAWING INTO A LINE-SHAPED ANGLE BRACKETS.
          * SEGMENT DIMENSION TOOL: THIS TOOL WORKS SHOW THE DISTANCE BETWEEN THE START AND END POINTS OF ONE OR MORE SEGMENTS.
          * 3POINT-CALLOUT: TOOL SERVES DRAWING CALLOUT WITH TWO SEGMENTS AND THE FRONT LINE.

      
  14. CONNECTOR TOOL
      THIS TOOL BERFUNGSIMENGGAMBAR LINE TO CONNECT TWO OBJECTS. THERE ARE SEVERAL DIFFERENT TYPES OF THIS TOOL ARE:
          * STRAIGHT - LINE: THIS TOOL SERVES TO MAKE A STRAIGHT LINE TO CONNECT THE TWO OBJECTS.
          * RIGHT - ANGLE: THIS TOOL SERVES TO MAKE A LINE AT RIGHT ANGLES IN A STRAIGHT LINE TO CONNECT THE TWO OBJECTS.
          * RIGHT - ANGLE ROUND: THIS TOOL SERVES TO MAKE THE RIGHT ANGLE LINES ARE CURVED TO CONNECT TWO OBJECTS.
          * EDIT ANCHOR: TO CHANGE OR EDIT THE EXISTING OBJECT POINT.
  
15. BLEND TOOL
      THIS TOOL SERVES TO UNIFY THE OBJECT BY CREATING A LOT OF OBJECTS AND COLORS ARE HOUSED IN THE CENTER. BELOW THIS THERE ARE 6 TOOL AGAIN THAT:
          * CONTOUR TOOL: THIS TOOL SERVES TO ASSEMBLE A NUMBER OF OBJECTS THAT FORM CONCENTRIC WITH DIFFUSE INTO OR OUT OF AN OBJECT.
          * DISTORT TOOL: THIS TOOL IS USED TO CHANGE BY PUSHING OR PULLING OBJECTS THAT FORM A ZIPPER EFFECT OR TWISTER.
          * DROP SHADOW TOOL: THIS TOOL IS USED TO MAKE A SHADOW BEHIND OR BESIDE OBJECTS.
          * ENVELOPE TOOL: THIS TOOL SERVES TO CHANGE THE SHAPE OF THE OBJECT INTO AN ENVELOPE WITH A DRAG SPECIFIC POINTS.
          * EXTRUDE TOOL: THIS TOOL SERVES TO MAKE THE OBJECT A 3D ILLUSION OF DEPTH EFFECT.
          * TRANSPARENCY TOOL: TO CREATE AN EFFECT THAT IS ONLY PARTIALLY TRANSPARENT OBJECTS VISIBLE.
  

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16. COLOR EYE DROPPER TOOL
      THIS TOOL SERVES TO TAKE THE EXAMPLE OF AN OBJECT AND APPLYING COLORS OR COLOR COPY IN ANOTHER OBJECT.
      
  17. OUTLINE PEN TOOL
      THIS TOOL SERVES TO PROVIDE THE OUTLINE OF AN OBJECT.

      
  18. FILL TOOL
      THIS TOOL SERVES TO GIVE THE COLOR AN OBJECT FORM. BELOW ARE 5 SECTIONS AGAIN ARE:
          * UNIFORM FILL: THIS TOOL SERVES TO PROVIDE SOLID COLORS ON OBJECTS
          * FOUNTAIN FILL: TOOL SERVES UNTUKMEMBERIKAN COLOR GRADATION (MIXED COLORS) ON THE OBJECT
          * PATTERN FILL: TOOL SERVES UNTUKMENGISI OBJECTS WITH PATTERNS OF COLOR OR THE COLOR OF AN IMAGE THAT YOU HAVE.
          * TEXTURE FILL: THIS TOOL SERVES TO FILL AN OBJECT WITH COLOR BERTEXTURE ALREADY AVAILABLE.
          * POSTSCRIPT FILL: THIS TOOL SERVES TO FILL OBJECTS WITH COMPLEX COLORS OR WHAT WE CALL POSTSCRIPT.

THE USES OF CORELDRAW PROGRAM

USES OF CORELDRAW

CorelDRAW offers many practical applications and features to its users. This software program is designed to assist with vector graphic editing, and it was created by the Corel company in 1989. Today, the new version of CorelDRAW, known as X6, is a popular choice for many buyers, as it can be used in many ways.

      Create Dimension Lines With Ease

This flexible design application can help you create complex drawings with multiple layers and details. One of the best ways to ensure your drawing is accurate and workable is to add dimension lines that let you know the exact distance between two points. As you adjust your drawing to your liking, your dimension lines will auto-correct, saving you the trouble of changing them yourself.

      Fill in With the Mesh Tool

• You can add richness and a dimensional effect to your drawings by implementing the mesh tool. This tool has been refined through the various versions; it's easier than ever to create objects that are filled with a variety of colors. Smooth, flowing transitions between one color and the next are pleasing to the eye, and they are easy to achieve with the magic of the mesh tool.

Create Visually Appealing Logos

• Many graphic designers rely on the power of CorelDRAW when crafting company logos for their valued clientele. You can also make logos that embody the best attributes of any business. Building logos can be as easy as choosing shapes, coloring them in, adding lettering and symbols and tweaking your work with special effects. You can get creative with the myriad features of this product. Cropping, resizing and saving your work will also be a breeze.

Work With Imported Design Drawings

• AutoCAD is another popular software program that is commonly used by architects, engineers and other designers. When you choose CorelDRAW, you'll be able to work with and make changes to imported AutoCAD design drawings. If you're looking for a flexible software package that makes it easy to deal with imported files, you'll appreciate the benefits of CorelDRAW X5. Altering .pdf drawings is also possible when working with CorelDRAW software.

Now let's take a little break and look into the tools and their uses.

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CORELDRAW

WHAT IS CORELDRAW?

CorelDraw is an integrated vector-based program that makes it easy to create professional artwork like logos, complimentary cards, wedding cards, invitation cards, certificate, greeting cards, calendar, letter headed papers and any design you can think of.

Before you get started with CorelDraw, you should be familiar with the following terms.

OBJECT: An element in a drawing such as an image, shape, line, text, curve, symbol, or layer

DRAWING: The work you create in CorelDRAW: for example, custom artwork, logos, posters, and newsletters

Vector graphic         An image generated from mathematical descriptions that determine the position, length, and direction in which lines are drawn

Bitmap                     An image composed of grids of pixels or dots

Docker                     A window containing available commands and settings relevant to a specific tool or task

Flyout                       A button that opens a group of related tools or menu items

Artistic text              A type of text to which you can apply special effects, such as shadows

Paragraph text          A type of text to which you can apply formatting options, and which can be edited in large blocks

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On the next blog , we will look into the uses of Coreldraw

ADOBE PAGE MAKER TOOLS

ADOBE PAGE MAKER TOOLS

	Pointer	t Selects lines, shapes, graphics, and text boxes. Selected items can be moved, resized, and have their attributes changed.
	Text	Selects text or sets insertion point for adding text.
	Rotate	Rotates text blocks and graphics to almost any angle.
	Crop	Crops graphics (press and hold the [Shift] key to crop proportionally).
	Line	Creates straight lines at almost any angle.
	Constrained Line	Creates vertical, horizontal and 45-degree-angle lines.
	Rectangle	Creates square and rectangle shapes.
	Rectangle Text Box	Creates rectangular-shaped text boxes.
	Ellipse	Creates circular and oval shapes.
	Ellipse Text Box	Creates circular and oval-shaped text boxes.
	Polygon	Creates basic polygons.
	Polygon Text Box	Creates polygon-shaped text boxes.
	Hand (Panning)	Allows the user to drag a page for optimal view.
	Zoom	Magnifies or reduces the area of the page; useful for close placements or viewing of graphics.

Using the Zoom Tool

While using the Zoom tool, you can toggle between the magnification/reduction area of the page: 

To enlarge the magnification of an area (zoom in):

1. With the Zoom tool selected,
   Windows: Click the mouse button
   Macintosh: Press [Cmd] and click the mouse button

To reduce the magnification of an area (zoom out):

1. With the Zoom tool selected,
   Windows: Press [Ctrl] and click the mouse button
   Macintosh: Press [Option] and click the mouse button

DATA PROCESSING ANSWERS

DATA PROCESSING(obj and essay) 10:00am-1:00pm

DATA PROCESSING:
1-10: DEEBDCCCAA
11-20: BBBAAADEAB
21-30: EDCDADBAEA
31-40: ABCBDADBDB
41-50: DBBEEBDCBA
51-60: AADBCACCDB
DATA PROCESSING


(3ai)
Relational database is a digital database whose organization is based on the relational model of data, as proposed by E. F. Codd in 1970.
(3aii)
-Tables
-forms
-queries
(3aiii)
A program file refers to sets of instructions that are put together to build up the application you will be using. Several files are linked between each other to see the application that pops in your screen.
A data file is basically the application's feeding as it provides what is needed for your program to work and convert single pieces of data on understandable information.
(3bi)
Two way, real-time transmission of audio and video signals between specialized devices or computers at two or more locations via satellite (wireless) over a network such as a LAN or
internet.
(3bii)
1. No time constraint:
2. Dramatic travel saving:
3. Easy communication:
4. Increased productivity:


(5)
-Systematic gathering
-Recording
-Analyzing of data
-Collection of data
-Decision making
-Systematic gathering: Is d collection of data frm various sources to gather common knowledge of the people/customers
-Recording: Is the documentation of the data and
-Analyzing of data is when the idea,knowledge dat are collected frm random people are worked on by the research agents
-Collection of data: Is when the research agent use various methods to bring various ideas together from several customers

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-Decision making: Is when the data are collected and analysed & are considered for usage

(9a)
-He decides the demand of the product at that time
-He helps to make arrangement for storage facilities
-He helps to fix the price for the price for the agricultural product
-He helps to look at the quality and quantity of agricultural product to be marketed
-He helps to grade the agricultural product
(9b)
-Facilitator helps to decide where there is the demand for the processed food
-He also helps in fixing the good price for the product
-He decides on how to store the product in the case of excess
-He will decide the quality of the product
-He helps in grading of the product

VERIFIED NECO 2016 CHEMISTRY PRACTICAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

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VERIFIED NECO 2016 CHEMISTRY PRACTICAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

Tuesday 31st may 2016
CHEMISTRY PRACTICAL 10:00am-12:00pm
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

1)
volume of pipette used =25.0cm^3

indicator used =methyl orange

burette reading|rough| 21.50|0.00|21.50|

final burette readings (cm^3)|1st|21.20| 0.00. 21.20|

initial burette reading(cm^3)|2nd|31.20|10.00| 21.20|

volume of a used (cm^3)|3rd|41.20|20.00|21.20|

average volume of a used =(21.20+21.20+21.20)cm^3/3
=63.60cm^3/3
=21.20cm^3

equation of the reaction
H2SO4(aq) + 2NaoH(aq)+2H2O(s)
nA=1,nB=2
A=4.90gldm^3 H2SO4
molar mass H2SO4
=(1*2)+32+(16*4)
=2+32+64
=98gmol^-1

molar conc A=mass con A/molar mass A
=4.90gldm^3/98glmol
=0.05moldm^3

CAVA/CBVB=nA/nB
0.05moldm^3*21.20cm^3/CB*25.0cm^3=1/2
0.05moldm^3*21.20*2=CB*25.0
CB=0.05molldm^3*21.20*2/25.0
CB=0.0848moldm^3
in mass conc B =Molar B*MolarBmass
B=NaoH
=23+16+1
=40gmol-^3

mass conc B =0.0848moldm^3 * 40gmol

mass con B = 3.392gldm^3
% mass of impusx 100%/total mass of implusty

mass of implus =(4.0-3.392)gldm^3
=0.608gldm^3

%impurity =0.608gldm^3*100%/4.0gldm^3
=15.2%

3ai)
Drawing lebel
-lid
-sticky tape(to hold paper)
-choroatographic paper
-gas jar
-applied spot of solute mixture
-ion

3aii)
principle of dillution, C1 V1=C2 V2
2.0molldm^3*40

3bi)
ethanol—->ethanoic (acid)—->trioxonotrate(v) (acid)

3bii)
indicators are used to determine the end point of the reaction and to test the acidity or alkalinity of a solution

2ai)
Observation: The salt sample dissolves completely
Inference: C is a mixture of soluble salts

(2aii)
Observation: White precipitate insoluble in excess NaOH(aq)
Inference: Ca^2+ present

(2aiii)
Observation: No visible reaction
Inference: Ca^2+ is present

(2aiv)
Observation: Brownish fume is produced
Inference: NO2(g) form, NO3^- present

(2av)
Observation: Formation of brown gas which forms a ring junction with FeSO4
Inference: NO2 form, NO3^- confirmed

(2bi)
Observation: D dissolves completely. Formation of dirty green precipitate insoluble in excess NaOH(aq)
Inference: D is soluble in salt, Fe^2+ present

(2bii)
Observation: Formation of a white precipitate.precipitate remains insoluble in HCl(aq)
Inference: SO3^2-,CO3^2-,SO4^2- present,SO4^2- confirmed 

CURRENTLY TYPING ANSWERS.. 

MICROSOFT ACCESS TABLES

 MS ACCESS Tables

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Summary

• Introduction to Tables and How to Build a New Database
• Creating Tables in Datasheet View and Design View
• Working with Data on Sorting and Filtering

1. Introduction

Creating a New Database

First, open MS Access 2007. To build a new database, choose New Blank Database. By selecting New Blank Database, a panel will show up on the right, which allows us to create a blank database by entering the database name and choosing the location where on the computer we want to create the new database. We can also create a new database from other database template. For this session, we will focus on creating a database from a blank one, so click New Blank Database à Blank Database.

Fig. 1: Creating a New Database

Once you created a blank database and type the database name, you can create the following six objects as shown in Fig. 2, they are briefly described as follows,

·         Tables - a collection of data about a specific topic, such as products or suppliers.

·         Queries - a command for viewing or analyzing data in different ways or a result of the command.

·         Forms - a friendly interface to add a new record

·         Reports - an object that present data in a organized way according to your specification. Examples are telephone bills, sales summary etc.

·         Macros - a set of one or more actions that each performs a particular operation, such as opening a form or printing a report. Macros can help you to automate common tasks. For example, you can run a macro that prints a report when a user clicks a command button.

·         Module - a collection of Visual Basic for Applications declarations and procedures that are stored together as a unit.

Fig. 2 New Database Database1.accdb

2. Creating a Table:

There are three ways to create a table:

• Use Datasheet View, i.e. enter data directly
• Use Design View
• Use a Table Template

2.1 Create a Table in Datasheet View

To create a blank (empty) table in datasheet view, on the Ribbon you can:

·         Click Create®Table in Fig. 3.

You are then given a Datasheet View with column headings ID and Add New Field across the top of the datasheet as shown in Fig. 4. You can enter data directly into it. After entering data and hit the Enter key, the column heading - Add New Field automatically changes to Field1 and the next column’s heading becomes Add New Field. At the same time, an ID number will be assigned to that row. When you save the new datasheet, Microsoft Access will analyze your data and automatically assign the appropriate data type and format for each field. Because the names of each field are not descriptive, you may want to rename the fields.

Fig. 3 Ribbon for Creating New Table

Renaming Fields:

1.     Place the cursor over the column heading you want to rename and double click. The column heading will appear highlighted and the cursor will be blinking (you are now in edit mode)

2.     Type the name you want to use and then press the Enter key.

3.     Repeat the first two steps for the second column, and so on.

Fig. 4: Creating a Table in Datasheet View (Renaming Fields)

As the column corresponds to the field, the row corresponds to the record. Now we are ready to add the information. Say that, if we are doing a database of a company, the first table we may have is Employee. And the fields of Employee may contain SSN, LastName, FirstName, and so on. Please refer to Fig. 5 for the example Employee table.

Fig. 5: Datasheet View (Employee Table)

Summarizing Datasheet View

2.2 Create a Table in Design View

In Design View you can add fields, define how each field appears or handles data, and create a primary key. To create a blank (empty) table in design view, you can:

·         Click Create®Table Design in Fig. 3.

You are then given a Design View as shown in Fig. 6.

Fig. 6 Design View

In this view, we can specify detailed properties for each field. This includes the length and type of information used in the field. But if we were to enter data into the table, we must use Datasheet View or Forms. The design view for the example Employee table mentioned before will look like Fig. 7.

Fig. 7 Design View (Employee Table)

There are three columns on the top portion of the window. The Field Name is the name of the fields. For example, SSN, FirstName, LastName are proper field names for the Employee table. The name for a field must follow MS Access object-naming rules[1]. The Data Type is like the domain of an attribute. It provides a list of data types that we can choose from, including Text, Memo, Number, Date, and so on. The Description column allows us to describe the field and it is optional. It is always good practice to be descriptive in your comments. This allows new users to easily understand the specifications and meaning of your fields. Table 2 summarizes all data types available in MS Access.

You can set up properties of fields in the Field Properties window at the bottom half pane. Table 1 describes all properties available for setup.

Before we save the table and quit, we need to specify the primary key. In our Employee table, SSN will be good for primary key. To define SSN as the primary key, click the Field Selector as shown in Fig. 7 for the SSN field. Field Selector is the gray bar on the left side of the Table Design grid by each field. When we click here, the whole row appears highlighted. Then click menu Edit®Primary Key or click the Primary Key button (i.e. the key symbol, shown in Fig. 7) on the toolbar in design view, a key symbol will appear on the Field Selector. Save the table as Employee. Now we have created one table.2

Table 1 Field Properties in Design View

Table 2 Data Types in MS Access

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Summarizing Design View[2]

2.3 Create a Table Based on a Table Template

To create a Contacts, Tasks, Issues, Events or Assets table, you might want to start with the table templates for these subjects that come with Office Access 2007. To choose a template for your table from the above predefined templates you can:

·         Click Create®Table Templates in Fig. 3,

·         Select one of the available templates from the dropdown list.

3. Working with Data

In this section, we will learn how to work with existing data. The sample database file used here is "Northwind 2007.accdb". It is a sample database comes with Microsoft Access. You can find it in by:

• Open MS Access; click Sample under the category listed in the left task pane on the Getting Started with Office Access page; then click on the Northwind 2007 icon, enter the name and location on the right task pane and click the Download button.

or

• Go to directory C:\Program Files\Microsoft Office\Templates\1033\Access\ and double click Northwind.accdb.

Choose Object Type on the Navigation Pane after Northwind 2007.accdb is launched, Open "Orders" under "Tables".

3.1 Sorting

In the Datasheet View, we can sort the records in ascending or descending orders. To sort a single column, click anywhere in the column desired. Simply click either the Sort Ascending button  or Sort Descending button  on the Ribbon. We can also click the arrow on the right of the desired column heading and choose Sort Ascending or Sort Descending from the popup window.

If we want to sort multiple columns, we need to do a little more work. The two columns we want to sort by must be adjacent to each other; the one that we want to sort by first must be to the left of the other. Let's work with "Orders" table in Northwind Database. Now we will try sorting by ' Shipped Date' then by 'Order Date', we must first move 'Shipped Date' column to the left of 'Order Date' column. Here are the steps,

1. Highlight the 'Shipped Date' column by clicking the 'Shipped Date' column heading.
2. Let go of the mouse button and then press it again, holding it this time.
3. Now drag the 'Shipped Date' column over the 'Required Date' column. When we get just to the left of the 'Order Date', let go of the mouse button. Then 'Shipped Date' and 'Order Date' should sit side by side now.
4. Click the mouse button on the 'Shipped Date' header, highlighting the column. Holding the mouse button down, drag it over the 'Order Date' column so that both the 'Shipped Date' and 'Order  Date' columns appear highlighted.
5. Click on Sort Ascending. The sorted table is shown in Fig. 8.

Fig. 8: Northwind Database: Sort Result

3.2 Filters

By using Filter by Selection, you tell Access that you want to see only certain records, based on the value in the field in which the cursor currently resides. For example, say that we want to see those orders shipped via Shipping Company B. To do this,

1.     In the 'Ship Via' column, click a field that has "Shipping Company B" in this field.

2.     Click the right button of mouse and select Equals "Shipping Company B". Or, you may click Selections button in the Ribbon and select Equals "Shipping Company B". Only those records that were shipped via Shipping Company B appear.

3.     Click the right button again and select "Clear filter from Ship Via" button to remove the filter.

With Filter by Selection, you were filtering records based on a field you selected in the datasheet, and then selected another field in the subset to narrow it further. When using Filter by Form, Access takes you to a different screen to specify the criteria you want to filter with. Using Filter by Form, although more complicated, allows you to be more specific and filter your data based on a combination of selected values from multiple fields. To do this,

1.     On the Ribbon click on Advanced Filter Options  à Filter by Form

2.     The datasheet will suddenly look as if you deleted all the records. Refer to Fig. 9 for example. Now you can pick the fields you want to filter and display your information.

3.     Click Ship Via field to see the drop-down list. You can use =, >, <, >=, and <= to specify your criteria.

4.     Finally, on the Ribbon click on Toggle Filter to see the result.

Fig. 9 Filter by Form

In the end, we will see how to use AND and OR criterion in a filter. The AND operator allows you to filter records based on two or more criteria. When you apply a filter using the AND operator, only those records that meet both (or all) criteria appear. To show how to use the AND operator, we will choose all orders shipped before 02/12/2006 AND shipped via Shipping Company B. To do this,

1.     On the Ribbon, click Advanced Filter OptionsàFilter by Form to return to the Filter by Form screen. The screen should be blank.

2.     Click Shipped Date, select 2/12/2006 and add "<" before the date so that it looks like "<#2/12/2006#".

3.     Click Ship Via and select "Shipping Company B" (without quotation mark).

4.     Click the Toggle Filter button on the Ribbon. Now those orders shipped before 02/12/2006 AND shipped via Shipping Company B will appear. The resulting table contains 2 records. Please check your answer.

To show all the orders which is either shipped before 02/12/2006 OR shipped via Shipping Company B, you can .

1.     On the Ribbon, click Advanced Filter OptionsàClear All Filters.

2.     On the Ribbon, click Advanced Filter OptionsàFilter by Form to return to the Filter by Form screen. The screen should be blank.

3.     Click Shipped Date and select "2/16/2006" and add "<" before the date.

4.     Click the Or tab at the bottom of the Filter by Form screen.

5.     Click Ship Via and select "Shipping Company B" (without quotation mark).

6.     Press Toggle Filter on the Ribbon. Now those orders that are either shipped before 02/12/2006 or shipped via Shipping Company B will appear. The resulting table contains 36 records.

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CONGRATULATIONS ! You have learned the basics of creating and manipulating tables of data

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[1] Object-naming rules are a set of specific rules for naming Microsoft Access objects. In Microsoft Access, names can be up to 64 characters long and can include any combination of letters, numbers, spaces, and special characters except a period (.), an exclamation point (!), an accent grave (`), and brackets ([ ]). Note that you also can't use leading spaces or control characters (ASCII values 0 to 31). For information on Visual Basic naming conventions, search the Help index for "naming conventions."

Tips

· Avoid including spaces in object names if you'll frequently refer to the objects in expressions or Visual

Basic code.

· Avoid using extremely long names because they are difficult to remember and refer to.

[2] You can set combination of more than two attributes as a primary key. To do so, first highlight attributes you wish to set as primary key, and click Primary Key button in design view.